# Division 28: Electronic Safety and Security submittal deviations > Source: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/ > Deviation Check - AI submittal review for General Contractors (Aliso LLC). Division 28 covers electronic safety and security systems in commercial construction: fire detection and alarm, mass notification, access control, video surveillance, and intrusion detection. Common CSI sections submitted for review: ## Common Division 28 CSI sections - 28 05 00 - Common Work Results for Electronic Safety and Security - 28 08 00 - Commissioning of Electronic Safety and Security - 28 10 00 - Electronic Access Control and Intrusion Detection - 28 13 00 - Access Control - 28 16 00 - Intrusion Detection - 28 20 00 - Electronic Surveillance - 28 23 00 - Video Surveillance - 28 30 00 - Electronic Detection and Alarm - 28 31 00 - Fire Detection and Alarm - 28 31 11 - Digital, Addressable Fire-Alarm Systems - 28 31 33 - Fire Detection Sensors (smoke, heat, duct, beam) - 28 31 43 - Fire-Alarm Notification Appliances (horns, strobes, speakers) - 28 31 49 - Carbon-Monoxide Detection - 28 46 00 - Fire Detection and Alarm Interfaces (elevator recall, HVAC shutdown, door release) ## The six deviation categories in Division 28 Electronic Safety and Security ### Manufacturer or Product Substitution (default grade: Blocker) The submittal proposes a different manufacturer or product than the spec names, without an approved or-equal or substitution request. Fire alarm and security specs name specific system manufacturers. Mixed-manufacturer systems often create compatibility issues. Look for: - Fire alarm control panel (FACP) manufacturer substitutions (Notifier/Honeywell, EST/Edwards/Carrier, Simplex/Johnson Controls, Siemens, Bosch, Silent Knight) - Initiating device manufacturer (detectors, pull stations) must match FACP manufacturer for addressable systems - Notification appliance manufacturer substitutions (System Sensor, Wheelock/Eaton, Gentex, Amseco) - Access control system manufacturer substitutions (Lenel/Carrier, Software House, Genetec, Honeywell, HID) - Video surveillance manufacturer substitutions (Axis, Hanwha/Samsung, Bosch, Pelco, Avigilon/Motorola) - Intrusion detection panel substitutions (Bosch, DMP, Honeywell Vista/Ademco) - Card reader and credential manufacturer substitutions (HID, ASSA ABLOY) - Mass notification system manufacturer substitutions (Notifier, EST, AtlasIED) Full guide: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/manufacturer-substitution/ ### Performance Specification Gap (default grade: Blocker) A measurable performance property in the submittal (rating, capacity, tolerance, efficiency) does not meet what the spec requires. Key performance parameters in Div 28 submittals: - **Fire alarm system type** (conventional vs addressable, single-stage vs two-stage) - **Notification appliance candela rating** (15, 30, 75, 110, 135, 185 cd per NFPA 72 Table 18.5.4.3.1) - **Notification appliance dBA rating** (minimum 15 dBA above ambient or 5 dBA above max, per NFPA 72) - **Smoke detector sensitivity range** (per NFPA 72, UL 268, typically 0.5-4.0 %/ft obscuration) - **Duct detector air velocity range** (fpm per NFPA 72/90A) - **System capacity** (number of addressable points, zones, loops for FACP) - **Camera resolution** (megapixels, pixels per foot at target distance) - **Camera frame rate** (fps at stated resolution) - **Camera low-light performance** (minimum illumination in lux) - **Camera storage retention** (days at stated resolution and frame rate) - **Access control panel capacity** (doors, readers, cardholders per panel/server) - **Card reader technology** (proximity 125kHz, smart card 13.56MHz, mobile credential, biometric) - **Battery standby time** (24 hours for fire alarm per NFPA 72, longer for some security systems) - **Pathway survivability** (Level 0, 1, 2, 3 per NFPA 72 Chapter 12) Full guide: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/performance-specification-gap/ ### Missing Certification or Compliance Documentation (default grade: Fix and Resubmit) A required listing, test report, certification, or compliance document is absent from the submittal package. Required certifications in Div 28 submittals: - **UL listing** for fire alarm equipment (UL 864 for FACP, UL 268 for smoke detectors, UL 217, UL 521 for heat detectors, UL 2572 for mass notification) - **NFPA 72** compliance (National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code) - **NFPA 70 (NEC)** compliance for wiring - **UL 294** listing for access control (standard for access control system units) - **UL 1076** listing for intrusion detection (proprietary burglar alarm) - **AHJ approval** documentation (fire marshal review/approval of fire alarm shop drawings) - **NICET certification** for fire alarm system designer (Level II-IV per spec) - **Factory certification** for installing contractor (manufacturer-authorized dealer/installer) - **Compatibility listing** documentation (devices listed compatible with specified FACP) - **Battery calculation** documentation (standby and alarm load per NFPA 72) - **Voltage drop calculations** for notification appliance circuits - **Sequence of operations** matrix - **ADA compliance** for notification appliances (visible signals per NFPA 72 and ADA) - **NDAA/TAA compliance** for video surveillance equipment (Section 889, critical for government projects) - **FCC certification** for wireless devices Full guide: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/missing-certification/ ### Aesthetic Deviation (default grade: Fix and Resubmit) A visible attribute (color, finish, texture, profile) differs from the spec or the architect-approved sample. - Notification appliance color (white, red) and mounting style (wall, ceiling) - Camera housing style and color (dome, bullet, turret, PTZ) - Card reader style, color, and mounting (mullion, single-gang, surface) - Pull station color (red is code-required for fire alarm) - Intercom/speaker style and finish - Keypad style and color Full guide: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/aesthetic-deviation/ ### Detail or Installation Mismatch (default grade: Fix and Resubmit) The submitted detail, dimension, anchorage, or installation method differs from what the spec or drawings require. - **Detector spacing** exceeds NFPA 72 maximum for ceiling height and type - **Notification appliance placement** does not meet NFPA 72 visible/audible coverage requirements - **Conductor size** (gauge) or type differs from spec (fire alarm circuits require specific wire: FPLP, FPLR per NEC) - **Conduit type** mismatch for fire alarm circuits (often requires EMT minimum, some specs require rigid) - **Pathway survivability level** below spec requirement (Level 2 vs Level 1) - **Camera mounting height or angle** differs from design - **Camera lens focal length** does not achieve specified pixels per foot at target distance - **Card reader mounting height** differs from ADA requirement (48" max per ADA) - **Door contact type** mismatch (recessed vs surface, wide-gap vs standard) - **End-of-line resistor value** mismatch with FACP requirements - **Elevator recall interface** wiring or sequence differs from ASME A17.1/NFPA 72 requirements - **HVAC shutdown interface** relay location or wiring differs Full guide: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/detail-installation-mismatch/ ### Submittal Package Incompleteness (default grade: Fix and Resubmit) A required submittal element (cut sheet, schedule, calculation, sample) is missing, leaving the package unreviewable as submitted. Commonly required items in Div 28 specs: - Fire alarm shop drawings (floor plans with device locations, riser diagrams, panel wiring) - Sequence of operations matrix (input/output, cause and effect) - Battery calculations per NFPA 72 - Voltage drop calculations for NAC circuits - Device compatibility listing with FACP - Point-to-point wiring diagrams - Camera layout drawings with field-of-view diagrams - Network architecture diagram (for IP-based systems) - Storage calculations (camera count x resolution x frame rate x retention days) - Access control riser diagram - Door hardware schedule coordination (electrified hardware, locks, contacts, REX) - NICET designer certification - Contractor factory certification/authorization letter - AHJ-required permit application documentation - Programming and commissioning plan --- Full guide: https://deviationcheck.com/divisions/28-electronic-safety-security/submittal-package-incompleteness/ ## How Division 28 deviations are graded - **Missing UL 864 listing for FACP:** BLOCKER (NFPA 72, code requirement) - **Notification appliance candela below NFPA 72 requirement for room size:** BLOCKER (life-safety, ADA) - **Smoke detector spacing exceeds NFPA 72 maximum:** BLOCKER (inadequate coverage) - **Fire alarm device not compatible with specified FACP:** BLOCKER (system will not function) - **Missing AHJ approval for fire alarm drawings:** BLOCKER (cannot install without approval) - **Missing NICET certification where spec requires:** BLOCKER (designer qualification) - **Battery standby time below NFPA 72 requirement (24 hours + 5 min alarm):** BLOCKER (code) - **NDAA/TAA non-compliant cameras on government project:** BLOCKER (Federal law) - **Pathway survivability below spec level:** BLOCKER if high-rise or institutional, FIX_AND_RESUBMIT otherwise - **Camera resolution below spec at target distance:** FIX_AND_RESUBMIT (surveillance adequacy) - **Card reader technology mismatch (prox where smart card specified):** FIX_AND_RESUBMIT (security level) - **Missing sequence of operations matrix:** FIX_AND_RESUBMIT (coordination, cannot program without it) - **Notification appliance color mismatch:** FIX_AND_RESUBMIT (aesthetic)